Text 2sri-bhagavan uvaca sannyasah karma-yogas ca nihsreyasa-karav ubhau tayos tu karma-sannyasat karma-yogo visisyate
Synonymssri-bhagavan uvaca--the Personality of Godhead said; sannyasah--renunciation
of work; karma-yogah--work in devotion; ca--also; nihsreyasa-karau--leading
to the path of liberation; ubhau--both; tayoh--of the two; tu--but;
karma-sannyasat--in comparison to the renunciation of fruitive work;
karma-yogah--work in devotion; visisyate--is better.
TranslationThe Personality of Godhead replied: The renunciation of work and work in
devotion are both good for liberation. But, of the two, work in devotional
service is better than renunciation of work.
PurportFruitive activities (seeking sense gratification) are cause for material
bondage. As long as one is engaged in activities aimed at improving the
standard of bodily comfort, one is sure to transmigrate to different types
of bodies, thereby continuing material bondage perpetually.
Srimad-Bhagavatam (5.5.4-6) confirms this as follows:
nunam pramattah kurute vikarma yad indriya-pritaya aprnoti na sadhu manye yata atmano 'yam asann api klesa-da asa dehah parabhavas tavad abodha-jato yavan najijnasata atma-tattvam yavat kriyas tavad idam mano vai karmatmakam yena sarira-bandhah evam manah karma-vasam prayunkte avidyayatmany upadhi yamane pritir na yavan mayi vasudeve na mucyate deha-yogena tavat"People are mad after sense gratification, and they do not know that this
present body, which is full of miseries, is a result of one's fruitive
activities in the past. Although this body is temporary, it is always giving
one trouble in many ways. Therefore, to act for sense gratification is not
good. One is considered to be a failure in life as long as he makes no
inquiry about his real identity. As long as he does not know his real
identity, he has to work for fruitive results for sense gratification, and
as long as one is engrossed in the consciousness of sense gratification one
has to transmigrate from one body to another. Although the mind may be
engrossed in fruitive activities and influenced by ignorance, one must
develop a love for devotional service to Vasudeva. Only then can one have
the opportunity to get out of the bondage of material existence."
Therefore, jnana (or knowledge that one is not this material body but spirit
soul) is not sufficient for liberation. One has to act in the status of
spirit soul, otherwise there is no escape from material bondage. Action in
Krsna consciousness is not, however, action on the fruitive platform.
Activities performed in full knowledge strengthen one's advancement in real
knowledge. Without Krsna consciousness, mere renunciation of fruitive
activities does not actually purify the heart of a conditioned soul. As long
as the heart is not purified, one has to work on the fruitive platform. But
action in Krsna consciousness automatically helps one escape the result of
fruitive action so that one need not descend to the material platform.
Therefore action in Krsna consciousness is always superior to renunciation,
which always entails a risk of falling. Renunciation without Krsna
consciousness is incomplete, as is confirmed by Srila Rupa Gosvami in his
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (1.2.258):
prapancikataya buddhya hari-sambandhi vastunah mumuksubhih parityago vairagyam phalgu kathyate"When persons eager to achieve liberation renounce things related to the
Supreme Personality of Godhead, thinking them to be material, their
renunciation is called incomplete." Renunciation is complete when it is in
the knowledge that everything in existence belongs to the Lord and that no
one should claim proprietorship over anything. One should understand that,
factually, nothing belongs to anyone. Then where is the question of
renunciation? One who knows that everything is Krsna's property is always
situated in renunciation. Since everything belongs to Krsna, everything
should be employed in the service of Krsna. This perfect form of action in
Krsna consciousness is far better than any amount of artificial renunciation
by a sannyasi of the Mayavadi school.
Text 7
yoga-yukto visuddhatma
vijitatmajitendriyah
sarva-bhutatma-bhutatma
kurvann api na lipyate
Synonyms
yoga-yuktah--engaged in devotional service; visuddha-atma--a purified soul; vijita-atma--self-controlled; jita-indriyah--having conquered the senses; sarva-bhuta--to all living entities; atma-bhuta-atma--compassionate; kurvan api--although engaged in work; na--never; lipyate--is entangled.
Translation
One who works in devotion, who is a pure soul, and who controls his mind and senses is dear to everyone, and everyone is dear to him. Though always working, such a man is never entangled.
Purport
One who is on the path of liberation by Krsna consciousness is very dear to every living being, and every living being is dear to him. This is due to his Krsna consciousness. Such a person cannot think of any living being as separate from Krsna, just as the leaves and branches of a tree are not separate from the tree. He knows very well that by pouring water on the root of the tree, the water will be distributed to all the leaves and branches, or by supplying food to the stomach, the energy is automatically distributed throughout the body. Because one who works in Krsna consciousness is servant to all, he is very dear to everyone. And because everyone is satisfied by his work, he is pure in consciousness. Because he is pure in consciousness, his mind is completely controlled. And because his mind is controlled, his senses are also controlled. Because his mind is always fixed on Krsna, there is no chance of his being deviated from Krsna. Nor is there a chance that he will engage his senses in matters other than the service of the Lord. He does not like to hear anything except topics relating to Krsna; he does not like to eat anything which is not offered to Krsna; and he does not wish to go anywhere if Krsna is not involved. Therefore, his senses are controlled. A man of controlled senses cannot be offensive to anyone.
One may ask, "Why then was Arjuna offensive (in battle) to others? Wasn't he in Krsna consciousness?" Arjuna was only superficially offensive because (as has already been explained in the Second Chapter) all the assembled persons on the battlefield would continue to live individually, as the soul cannot be slain. So, spiritually, no one was killed on the Battlefield of Kuruksetra. Only their dresses were changed by the order of Krsna, who was personally present.
Therefore Arjuna, while fighting on the Battlefield of Kuruksetra, was not really fighting at all; he was simply carrying out the orders of Krsna in full Krsna consciousness. Such a person is never entangled in the reactions of work.
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